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Magnetic Observations During Total Solar Eclipse

Abstract

THE effect produced by a solar eclipse on the meteorological conditions of the atmosphere has on many occasions in the past been the subject of observation, but in the number of Terrestrial Magnetism just received we find an account1 of a systematic examination of the influence of such an eclipse on magnetic conditions also. It had appeared to Dr. Bauer, chief of the U.S. Magnetic Survey, that magnetic observations might on such an occasion be usefully undertaken; and the occurrence of the solar eclipse of May 28 of last year, the total phase of which was visible in the United States, afforded an excellent opportunity of carrying such design into execution. For the needs of the magnetic survey simultaneous magnetic observations are made on certain days throughout the year at the different magnetic stations, and it was arranged that such observations should be made, on the day of eclipse, at stations as near as possible to the path of totality. Six stations were selected; three of them—Union Springs, Rocky Mount and Cape Charles—were situated within the path of totality, the remaining three—Salem, Bayard and Gaithersburg—being outside. The observers received instructions to occupy such stations as their special work permitted for the due accomplishment of the object in view, accompanied by a detailed scheme of the observations to be made. The prescribed course was carried out by all the observers excepting the one at Gaithersburg, who for some reason failed to receive his instructions in time; but he made observations according to directions sent him previously, relating to other work. The detailed scheme of observations is given with the view of aiding observers making preparations for similar work on future occasions. The observations made are discussed at considerable length, being accompanied by numerous graphical illustrations, and it is stated that there can be no question that some kind of magnetic disturbance made itself felt on May 28 at every one of the stations.

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ELLIS, W. Magnetic Observations During Total Solar Eclipse . Nature 64, 15–16 (1901). https://doi.org/10.1038/064015a0

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