Obesity and type 2 diabetes: a conflict of interests?

Abstract

Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes and is an important obstacle to the management of this disease. The increasing incidence of both obesity and type 2 diabetes makes management of these related conditions particularly important. Conventional approaches to the management of type 2 diabetes that focus primarily on improving glycaemic control—notably insulin or sulphonylurea treatment—often lead to weight gain, which is particularly detrimental to patients with type 2 diabetes. By contrast, reducing body weight in such patients improves glycaemic control and other cardiovascular risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome. This suggests that weight reduction is a rational option in the management of obese patients with type 2 diabetes. While reductions in body weight of approximately 10% have been achieved in some studies, this is difficult to achieve in real life, especially for patients with type 2 diabetes. Weight management agents such as sibutramine and orlistat, used as part of an integrated programme of diet, physical activity and behavioural therapy, are thus an attractive early option for the management of type 2 diabetes in obese patients.