Table 5 Table A2. Leaf tissue nutrient analyses of three apple production systems. Differences between values in a year followed by different letters are significant at the 0.05 level (LSD).

From: Sustainability of three apple production systems

Nutrient

Year

Organic

Conventional

Integrated

Nitrogen (%)

1995

2.57 a

2.63 a

2.64 a

1996

2.41 a

2.42 a

2.66 b

1997

2.86 a

2.94 a

2.92 a

1998

2.25 a

2.37 a

2.34 a

1999

2.23 a

2.36 a

2.38 a

Phosphorus (%)

1995

0.25 a

0.24 a

0.24 a

1996

0.21 a

0.18 b

0.19 ab

1997

0.18 a

0.19 a

0.20 a

1998

0.16 a

0.16 a

0.16 a

1999

0.21 a

0.18 b

0.17 ab

Potassium (%)

1995

1.95 a

2.03 b

1.95 a

1996

2.23 a

2.00 a

2.08 a

1997

1.25 a

1.38 a

1.58 b

1998

1.40 a

1.73 b

1.75 b

1999

1.83 a

1.85 a

1.90 a

Sulphur (%)

1995

0.21 a

0.23 a

0.24 a

1996

0.19 a

0.21 a

0.20 a

1997

0.17 a

0.17 a

0.16 a

1998

0.11 a

0.11 a

0.12 a

1999

0.15 a

0.16 a

0.14 a

Calcium (%)

1995

1.62 a

1.71 a

1.62 a

1996

1.68 a

1.84 b

1.69 a

1997

1.74 a

1.73 a

1.68 a

1998

1.70 a

2.09 a

1.93 a

1999

1.83 a

1.86 a

1.87 a

Magnesium (%)

1995

0.32 a

0.35 b

0.35 b

1996

0.37 a

0.38 a

0.37 a

1997

0.34 a

0.31 b

0.32 b

1998

0.38 a

0.41 a

0.40 a

1999

0.34 a

0.31 a

0.33 a

Boron (ppm)

1995

22.75 a

24.50 ab

25.25 b

1996

21.50 a

26.00 b

22.25 a

1997

27.75 a

25.75 a

26.25 a

1998

20.50 a

23.00 a

20.50 a

1999

18.75 a

17.75 a

17.50 a

Zinc (ppm)

1995

11.75 a

13.25 ab

14.50 b

1996

15.75 a

25.25 b

14.50 a

1997

10.75 a

12.75 a

12.00 a

1998

10.75 a

13.00 b

12.50 b

1999

14.25 a

15.00 a

14.75 a

Manganese (ppm)

1995

51.00 a

59.25 a

58.75 a

1996

51.75 a

58.75 b

56.25 ab

1997

61.75 a

60.75 a

58.75 a

1998

61.50 a

59.00 a

63.75 a

1999

47.75 a

46.25 a

50.25 a

Copper (ppm)

1995

9.00 a

8.75 a

8.75 a

1996

9.50 a

10.25 a

9.25 a

1997

8.50 a

8.25 a

8.00 a

1998

8.50 a

8.00 a

8.25 a

1999

8.50 a

8.50 a

9.00 a

Iron (ppm)

1995

188.00 a

138.75 ab

122.50 b

1996

281.75 a

354.75 a

247.50 a

1997

159.00 a

135.75 ab

116.25 b

1998

190.75 a

172.50 a

188.75 a

1999

315.50 a

259.25 a

296.50 a