Table 4 Summary of Kaplan–Meier analyses showing estimates and 95% confidence intervals for proportions of patients surviving free of metastasis at 1, 3, and 5 years after diagnosis by tumor grade, stage and combined immunohistochemical expression levels of CDH1 and TOP2A

From: Alterations in transcription clusters underlie development of bladder cancer along papillary and nonpapillary pathways

 

Years after diagnosis

 

1

3

5

 

(%)a

P-value*

(%)a

P-value*

(%)a

P-value*

Histologic grade b

 

<0.0001

 

<0.0001

 

<0.0001

 Low grade (Gr. 1–2)

93 (87.99)

 

81 (73.91)

 

73 (63.84)

 

 High grade (Gr. 3)

66 (58.75)

 

40 (32.50)

 

33 (25.43)

 

Stage c

 

<0.0001

 

<0.0001

 

<0.0001

 Superficial Ta–T1a

90 (84.96)

 

74 (66.84)

 

68 (58.78)

 

 Invasive T1b -and higher

64 (55.73)

 

38 (29.49)

 

29 (21.40)

 

CDH1 and TOP2A expression d

 

0.0051

 

0.0035

 

0.0009

 CDH1 high and TOP2A low

91 (84.100)

 

78 (67.71)

 

78 (67.91)

 

 CDH1 low or TOP2A high

69 (61.78)

 

44 (36.54)

 

35 (27.45)

 
  1. *P-value of two sided log-rank test.
  2. a(%) Proportion of patients surviving free of metastasis. The 95% confidence interval for lower and upper bounds are shown in parentheses.
  3. bHistologic grading is according to WHO grading system for bladder tumors. Tumors were divided into two groups designated as of low histologic grade (combined Grade 1 and 2) and of high histologic grade corresponding to grade 3 tumors.
  4. cStaging is according to the TNM classification of malignant tumors with T1a–T1b substaging. Tumors were divided into two groups designated as superficial (Ta–T1a) and invasive (T1b–T4).
  5. Using immunohistochemical expression levels of CDH1 and TOP2A tumors were classified into two groups. The first group was characterized by high expression levels of CDH1 and low expression levels of TOP2A. The second group was characterized by high expression levels of TOP2A or low expression levels of CDH1 as shown in Figure 6b.
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