Figure 1

Expression of MΦ markers in livers of infected wild-type (WT) and IL4Rα −/− mice. Serial sections of WT and IL4Rα −/− liver specimens were examined by immunocytochemistry using the antibodies indicated. In the upper panels, eggs are indicated by arrowheads. For clarity, granulomata in sections labeled for FA.11, F4/80, and mannose receptor (MR) are indicated with broken lines. Low magnification images of FA.11 and F4/80 staining show that granulomata in WT and IL4Rα −/− are rich in MΦ and are roughly comparable in size. In the middle panels, expression of MR by cells in the parenchyma of both WT and IL4Rα −/− is seen but only in the granuloma of the WT. Sections labeled “no Ab” were probed with secondary antirat Ab only. High magnification images of FA.11 expression in granulomata show that most positive cells have the spread morphology of mature MΦ, but MR is only seen in the WT granuloma. Dark pigment presented in the IL4Rα −/− section labeled for MR is schistosome-derived material that has been phagocytosed by MΦ; the cells are clearly negative for MR. High magnification images of FA.11 staining in the parenchyma show that Kupffer cells are smaller in the IL4Rα −/− livers. Kupffer cells (arrows) and hepatic endothelial cells (arrowheads) are positive for MR in both WT and IL4Rα −/−. Scale bars are shown for each row of images and are 50 μm.