Table 1 Etiology of increased duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytes in the absence of gluten sensitivity

From: Duodenal intraepithelial lymphocytosis with normal villous architecture: common occurrence in H. pylori gastritis

Etiology

Reference

Food allergy

Mavromichalis et al53

Primary immunodeficiency diseases

Klemola,54 Nilsen et al55

Viral enteritis

Goldstein,28 Cutz et al61

Giardiasis

Mavromichalis et al53

Blind loop syndrome

Burrows et al56

Tropical (postinfectious) spruea

Ansari57

Crohn's disease

Wright and Riddell58

Autoimmune diseases

Kakar et al,15 Holden et al60

NSAIDS

Kakar et al15

Irritable bowel disease

Tornblon et al59

  1. aUsually in distal small bowel.
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