TABLE 4 Hepatocellular Neoplasms with Evidence for Activation of the Wnt Signaling Pathway by Nuclear β-Catenin Immunostaining and for β-Catenin, APC, and Axin I Mutations

From: Hepatic Adenomas: Analysis of Sex Steroid Receptor Status and the Wnt Signaling Pathway

Neoplasm

Nuclear β-Catenin Staining, % (N)

Exon 3 β-Catenin Mutations, % (N) [breakdown]

APC Mutations, % (N)

Axin I Mutations, % (N)

Hepatoblastomaa

78 (65)

52 (177) [33% deletions, 19% point mutations]

12 (168)

NA

Hepatocellular carcinomab

32 (684)

17 (1183) [2% deletions, 15% point mutations]

0 (68)

7 (237)

Hepatic adenoma

47 (15)

0 (15)

0 (15)

NA

  1. Results are pooled from multiple representative studies in the literature and shown as weighted average percentage positive. APC, adenomatosis polyposis coli; NA, not available.
  2. aSee References 10, 11, 11, 12, 13, 30, 31, 32.
  3. See References 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 33, 38.
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