Table 3 Table a1

From: Genetics of personality: are we making progress?

Reference a

Gene b

Traits c

Tested d

Signif e

Auerbach et al52 (1999)

DRD4, 5-HTT

IBQ

40

11

Auerbach et al53 (2001)

DRD4, 5-HTT

Temp episodes

15

6

Ball et al84 (1997)

5-HTT (2)

Peer-rated NEUR

2

0

Benjamin et al23 1996

DRD4

NEO + est NS

22

10

Benjamin et al35 (2000)

DRD4, 5-HTT, COMT

NS, HA, RD, P

24

4

Bookman et al61 (2002)

DRD4 (2)

NEO-FFI

19

3

Brummett et al99 (2003)

5-HTT

NEO-PI-R

5

1

Comings et al104 (2000)

ADRA2A

Various scales

23

9

Damberg et al105 (2000)

AP-2β

KSP

45

7

Deary et al89 (1999)

5-HTT (2)

NEO-FFI

1

0

Ebstein et al22 (1996)

DRD4

NS, HA, RD, P

10

2

Ebstein et al85 (1997)

5-HTT

TPQ

4

0

Ebstein et al24 (1997)

DRD4

NS, HA, RD, P

8

2

Ebstein et al73 (1997)

5-HT2C, DRD3, DRD4

TPQ

40

8

Ebstein et al51 (1998)

DRD4, 5-HTT

NBAS

49

23

Ekelund et al50 (1999)

DRD4

NS

1

1

Ekelund et al59 (2001)

DRD4

NS

1

0

Flory et al90 (1999)

5-HTT

NEO-PI, est TPQ

28

0

Gebhardt et al36 (2000)

DRD2, DRD4

NS, HA, RD, P

12

0

Gelernter et al30 (1997)

DRD4

NS

2

0

Greenberg et al81 (2000)

5-HTT

NEO, 16PF, est TPQ

40

13

Gustavsson et al91 (1999)

5-HTT

KSP

8

0

Hamer et al92 (1999)

5-HTT

TCI

24

10

Henderson et al76 (2000)

COMT, DRD3

Various scales

27

8

Herbst et al37 (2000)

DRD4, 5-HTT

TCI

35

0

Jönsson et al31 (1997)

DRD4

5 KSP scales

25

2

Jönsson et al40 (2002)

DRD4 (2)

Various scales

46

0

Jönsson et al74 (2003)

DRD3

Various scales

99

5

Jorm et al87 (1998)

5-HTT

Various scales

14

0

Jorm et al68 (2000)

DAT1

BIS/BAS + EPQ-R

15

0

Katsuragi et al79 (1999)

5-HTT

TPQ

2

2

Katsuragi et al72 (2001)

DRD2

TPQ

6

0

Kuhn et al34 (1999)

DRD4, 5-HT2C

NS, HA, RD, P

9

1

Kumakiri et al93 (1999)

5-HTT

NEO-PI-R, TCI

12

1

Kusumi et al102 (2002)

5-HT2A

TCI

7

0

Lakatos et al54 (2003)

DRD4, 5-HTT

IBQ + observations

54

5

Lee et al62 (2003)

DRD4 (2)

TCI

12

2

Lesch et al78 (1996)

5-HTT

NEO, 16PF + est TPQ

50

15

Malhotra et al29 (1996)

DRD4

NS, HA, RD, P

4

0

Mazzanti et al88 (1998)

5-HTT

TPQ

15

2

Melke et al94 (2001)

5-HTT (2)

KSP

20

8

Mitsuyasu et al39 (2001)

DRD4 (6)

NS, HA, RD, P

24

1

Murakami et al80 (1999)

5-HTT

SRQ-AD

2

1

Nakamura et al86 (1997)

5-HTT

7 TCI + 5 NEO dim

12

0

Noble et al28 (1998)

DRD2 (3), DRD4

NS, HA, RD

90

19

Okuyama et al57 (2000)

DRD4 (6)

NS, HA, RD, P

24

1

Ono et al25 (1997)

DRD4

TCI

5

1

Osher et al82 (2000)

5-HTT

TPQ +NEO

19

4

Persson et al60 (2000)

DRD4

NEO-PI-R

5

0

Pogue-Geile et al33 (1998)

DRD4 (2)

Various scales

84

1

Ronai et al58 (2001)

DRD4

NS, HA, RD, P

12

1

Sabol et al67 (1999)

DAT1

NS, HA, RD, P +NEO

9

1

Samochowiec et al69 (2001)

DAT1, NET, 5-HTT

NS, HA, RD, P

45

2

Stoltenberg et al98 (2002)

5-HTT

NEO scales

15

2

Strobel et al26 (1999)

DRD4

Various scales

62

23

Strobel et al42 (2002)

DRD4 (2)

TPQ

7

0

Strobel et al43 (2003)

DRD4 (2)

NEO-FFI + est NS

42

0

Swift et al38 (2000)

DRD4

NS, HA, RD, P

4

0

Tomitaka et al27 (1999)

DRD4

NS, HA, RD, P

8

3

Tsai et al103 (2001)

ADRA1A, ADRA2A

TPQ

14

0

Tsai et al95 (2002)

5-HTT (2)

TPQ

14

1

Umekage et al96 (2003)

5-HTT

NEO-PI-R

15

0

Vandenbergh et al32 (1997)

DRD4

est NS

3

0

Van Gestel et al41 (2002)

DRD4, DAT1, 5-HTT

NS, HA

24

8

   

1414

230

  1. aonly the healthy individuals are included.
  2. bnumber in () indicates number of polymorphisms tested in the gene, if >1.
  3. c16PF=16 Personality Factors Inventory, BIS/BAS=Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System Questionnaire, EPQ-R= Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised, IBQ=Rothbart's Infant Behavior Questionnaire, KSP=Karolinska Scales of Personality, NBAS=Brazelton neonatal assessment scale, NEO-FFI=NEO Five Factor Inventory, NEO-PI-R=NEO Personality Inventory-Revised, SRQ-AD=Japanese self-rating questionnaire for anxiety and depression, TCI=Temperament and Character Inventory, TPQ=Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, NS=novelty seeking, HA=harm avoidance, RD=reward dependence, P=persistence, est=estimated from NEO, NEUR=neuroticism, temp episodes=temperament episodes eliciting fear, anger, pleasure, interest and activity in infants.
  4. dnumber of associations tested, interaction effects included.
  5. enumber of tested associations that were significant.