Abstract
Data sources
The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline and Embase databases were searched. A hand search was made of the American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, (British) Journal of Orthodontics, European Journal of Orthodontics and Angle Orthodontist, Google Scholar and the reference lists of relevant articles.
Study selection
Only randomised controlled trials (RCT) and quasi-randomised controlled clinical trials (CCT), which specifically stated that they assessed reductions in dental plaque levels and/ or gingival bleeding when comparing oral health promotion (OHP) interventions, were included. Trials that involved plaque removal by a professional (except at baseline) or the use of proprietary antiplaque agents were excluded.
Data extraction and synthesis
Data extraction was carried out independently by two reviewers. Study quality was assessed for their method of allocation, concealment of allocation, masking of assessment and reporting of withdrawals. Direct comparison between the trials was difficult because of the heterogeneity in the outcome measures between the included studies.
Results
Six RCT and quasi-randomised CCT met the inclusion criteria. Positive effects on plaque and/ or gingival health were produced in only four of the included trials. OHP did not result in any detectable difference in two of the included trials. None of the trials that were included produced a negative effect of orthodontic OHP on oral hygiene and gingival health.
Conclusions
An OHP programme for people undergoing fixed appliance orthodontic treatment produces a short-term reduction (of up to 5months) in plaque and improvement in gingival health. No particular OHP method produced a greater short-term benefit to periodontal health during fixed appliance orthodontic treatment. Further studies using appropriate methods and, in particular,r longer followup periods are required.
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References
Pellegrini P, Sauerwein R, Finlayson T, et al. Plaque retention by self-ligating vs elastomeric orthodontic brackets: quantitative comparison of oral bacteria and detection with adenosine triphosphate-driven bioluminescence. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthopedics 2009; 135: 426.e1–426.e9.
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Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Address for correspondence: Grant McIntyre, Dundee Dental Hospital and School, Dundee, Tayside, UK. E-mail: grant.mcintyre@nhs.net
Gray D, McIntyre G. Does oral health promotion influence the oral hygiene and gingival health of patients undergoing fixed appliance orthodontic treatment? A systematic literature review. J Orthod 2008; 35: 262–269
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Kalha, A. Oral health promotion programmes during orthodontic treatment beneficial. Evid Based Dent 10, 111–112 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ebd.6400686
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ebd.6400686
