Table 3 Multivariate logistic model, excluding interactions (adjusted by cumulative alcohol intake, leaving the cigarette on the lip, warts and phototype, and age)

From: Lifestyles, environmental and phenotypic factors associated with lip cancer: a case–control study in southern Spain

 

Cases n (%)

Controls n (%)

Crude OR (95% CI) (adjusted by age)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

Tobacco

    

 Nonsmoker

2 (1.9)

39 (16.3)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 First quartile (<135 560 cigarettes)

12 (11.4)

48 (20.1)

5.0 (0.98–47)

2.4 (0.4–13.1)

 Second quartile <274 540 cigarettes)

25 (23.8)

51 (21.3)

9.6 (2.1–86.9)

7.7 (1.4–40.7)

 Third quartile (<455 402 cigarettes)

38 (36.2)

51 (21.3)

14.5 (3.3–129.7)

9.25 (1.8–48.3)

 Fourth quartile (455 402 cigarettes)

28 (26.7)

50 (20.9)

10.9 (2.5–98.7)

5.32 (0.94–30.1)

Eye colour

    

 Black-dark brown

16 (15.2)

95 (39.8)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 Hazel, green, blue, grey

89 (84.8)

144 (60.3)

3.7 (2.0–7.1)

3.5 (1.5–8.0)

Sun exposure, outdoor work (April–September)

    

 Nonexposed

1 (1.0)

37 (15.5)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

 First quartile (<35.4 weeks)

21 (20.0)

50 (20.9)

16.1 (2.3–114.8)

12.6 (1.2–132.4)

 Second quartile (<68.6 weeks)

29 (79.1)

51 (21.3)

22.9 (3.2–162.9)

11.7 (1.2–115.5)

 Third quartile (<122.6 weeks)

23 (21.9)

51 (21.3)

18.7 (2.6–133.7)

12.7 (1.4–118.0)

 Fourth quartile (122.6 weeks)

31 (29.6)

50 (20.9)

25.2 (3.6–179.1)

11.9 (1.3–108.9)

Age at first sunburn

    

 No burn

99 (94.3)

203 (84.9)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

15 years old

1 (1.0)

3 (1.3)

0.7 (0.07–6.6)

14.6 (0.8–255.1)

 >15 years old

5 (4.8)

33 (13.8)

0.3 (0.1–0.8)

0.1 (0.03–0.6)

  

/

  

Years of study

    

 >3

29 (27.6)

138 (57.7)

1 (reference)

1 (reference)

3

76 (72.4)

101 (42.3)

3.4 (2.1–6.1)

2.2 (1.1 – 4.4)