Figure 1
From: Elevated phosphorylation and activation of PDK-1/AKT pathway in human breast cancer
Elevated phosphorylation of PDK-1/AKT pathway in invasive breast cancer. Normal (left panel) and cancerous (right panel) breast tissues fixed on TMA slides were subjected to IHC staining using highly validated phosphor-specific antibodies to examine the phosphorylation status of target proteins. As a control, a primary antibody recognises all forms of PDK-1 were similarly used in IHC staining and the representive example tissues were shown on the top row. The resulting positive immune complexes gave rise to red end product at target antigen sites following the addition of the chromogene, AEC, whereas the unphosphorylated proteins remained colourless. After nuclear staining with haematoxylin (blue dye), representative normal breast tissues (left column) as well as positive examples of breast tumours (right column) were photographed.
