Table 1 Age-standardiseda characteristics of risk factors for breast cancer according to the levels of lignan intake among 51 823 postmenopausal women in the Swedish Mammography Cohortb
Quartiles of estimated total lignan intake, μ g day −1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
<712 | 712–866 | 867–1035 | ⩾1036 | |
Characteristics | n =12 730 (24.6%) | n =13 030 (25.1%) | n =13 011 (25.1%) | n =13 052 (25.2%) |
Intake of lignans, μg day−1, median | 613.6 | 791.8 | 942.7 | 1175.1 |
Age at entry, years, mean (s.d.) | 59.1 (8.1) | 59.1 (7.9) | 59.6 (7.8) | 60.6 (7.7) |
Age at menarche, years, mean (s.d.) | 13.2 (1.3) | 13.2 (1.2) | 13.2 (1.2) | 13.2 (1.3) |
Age at first birth, years, mean (s.d.) | 23.9 (4.5) | 24.2 (4.6) | 24.2 (4.5) | 24.1 (4.4) |
Body mass index, kg m−2, mean (s.d.) | 25.2 (4.1) | 25.2 (3.9) | 25.1 (3.9) | 25.1 (4.0) |
Number of children, n, mean (s.d.) | 2.1 (1.3) | 2.2 (1.2) | 2.1 (1.2) | 2.1 (1.3) |
Age at menopause, years, mean (s.d.) | 50.6 (4.9) | 50.8 (4.8) | 50.9 (4.6) | 50.8 (4.8) |
⩾12 years of education, % | 8.1 | 10.1 | 11.1 | 12.4 |
Ever use of oral contraceptives, % | 53.5 | 54.3 | 54.8 | 54.2 |
Ever use of postmenopausal hormones, % | 42.1 | 44.7 | 46.6 | 44.8 |
Family history of breast cancer, %c | 7.8 | 8.5 | 8.2 | 8.0 |
Total energy intake, kcal day−1, mean (s.d.) | 1532 (447) | 1604 (428) | 1616 (421) | 1628 (465) |
Total fat intake, g day−1, mean (s.d.) | 56.0 (8.3) | 53.1 (7.5) | 50.9 (7.6) | 47.7 (8.3) |
Alcohol intake, ethanol g day−1, mean (s.d.) | 3.2 (5.1) | 3.6 (5.4) | 3.5 (4.5) | 3.1 (6.1) |
