Table 1 Studies of DNA-methylation-based tests in biofluids

Serum

p16 ^INK4a

Detection (liver)

Wong et al (1999)

GSTP1

Detection (prostate)

Goessl et al (2000)

Multiple

Detection (head and neck)

Sanchez-Cespedes et al (2000)

p16 ^INK4a

Detection (oesophagus)

Hibi et al (2001)

Multiple

Detection (gastric)

Lee et al (2002)

hMLH1

Chemosensitivity (ovarian)

Gifford et al (2004)

NGFR

Detection (colorectal)

Lofton-Day et al (2008)

SEPT9

Detection (colorectal)

Lofton-Day et al (2008)

TMEFF2

Detection (colorectal)

Lofton-Day et al (2008)

Sputum

p16 ^INK4a

Detection (lung)

Belinsky et al (2002)

hMLH1, hMSH2

Detection (lung)

Wang et al (2003)

Urine

GSTP1

Detection (prostate)

Goessl et al (2000)

GSTP1

Detection (prostate)

Cairns et al (2001)

Multiple

Detection (renal)

Hoque et al (2004)

Multiple

Detection (prostate)

Vener et al (2008)

Faeces

SFRP2

Detection (colorectal)

Müller et al (2004)

Vimentin

Detection (colorectal)

Chen et al (2005)

Semen

GSTP1

Detection (prostate)

Goessl et al (2000)

Saliva

Multiple

Detection (head and neck)

Carvalho et al (2008)

Blood cells

GSTP1

Detection (prostate)

Goessl et al (2000)

Multiple

Breast cancer risk

Widschwendter et al (2008)

IGF2

Colorectal cancer risk

Cui et al (2003)