Table 1 Prognostic utility of the WHO 2007 classification for diffuse gliomas

From: Gene expression profiling of gliomas: merging genomic and histopathological classification for personalised therapy

 

WHO grade

Multivariate analysis

 

II

III

IV

Prognostic factor

HR

P -value

ΔC or overall C a

Astrocytomas

 

DA, A2

AA, A3

GBM, A4

    

 N

78

161

748

Grade

1.9

<0.001

0.61

 Median OS (y)

10.0

2.2

0.9

Ageb

1.9

<0.001

0.08

 95% CI

6.9–13.0

1.7–2.7

0.8–1.0

All (N=987)

  

0.69

 Mean age

33

39

57

    

 Grading criteria

 

Mitoses

MVP with/without necrosis

    

Oligoastrocytomas

 

OA, MOA2

AOA, MOA3

GBM-O, MOA4c

    

 N

400

218

71

1p19q codel

2.6

<0.001

0.54

 Median OS (y)

11.1

3.9

2.2

Ageb

2.1

<0.001

0.15

 95% CI

9.0–15.0

2.8–4.6

1.3–3.4

Grade

2.2

0.007

0.10

 Mean age

38

42

48

All (N=559)

  

0.79

 Grading criteria

 

Mitoses with/without MVP

Necrosis

    

Oligodendrogliomas

 

ODG, O2

AO, O3

     

 N

395

273

 

1p19q codel

2.1

0.020

0.54

 Median OS (y)

16.4

8.8

 

Ageb

2.4

<0.001

0.17

 95% CI

12.9–21.1

6.5-ND

 

Grade

2.5

0.004

0.03

 Mean age

40

44

 

All (N=539)

  

0.74

 Grading criteria

 

Mitoses with/without MVP with/without necrosis

     

All diffuse gliomas

 N

 

2344

 

1p19q codel

1.9

0.002

0.63

 Median OS (y)

 

2.9

 

Ageb

1.8

<0.001

0.13

 95% CI

 

2.5–3.6

 

Cytology

1.7

<0.001

0.04

 Mean age

 

46

 

Grade

2.0

<0.001

0.03

    

All (N=1363)

  

0.83

  1. Abbreviations: AA, A3=anaplastic astrocytomas; AO, O3=anaplastic oligodendroglioma; codel=co-deletion; CI=confidence interval; DA, A2=diffuse astrocytoma; HR=hazard ratio; GBM, A4=glioblastoma; GBM-O, MOA4=glioblastoma with oligodendroglial features; OA, MOA2=mixed oligoastrocytoma; AOA, MOA3=mixed anaplastic oligoastrocytoma; MVP=microvascular proliferation; ODG=olidodendroglioma; OS=overall survival; WHO=World HeALTH organization; y=years.
  2. aHarrell's C statistic for the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model with all factors (C) or ΔC for each individual factor in the model Miller et al (2006).
  3. bAge at diagnosis trichotomized as follows: ⩽40, 40–60, ⩾60 y Miller et al (2006).
  4. cNote that GBM-O (MOA4) is not currently recognised as a distinct clinicopathological entity by the WHO; instead, it is considered a morphological pattern of GBM with a slightly more favourable prognosis Louis et al (2007).
  5. Data from adult patients (⩾20 y) with newly diagnosed gliomas at Washington University School of Medicine (1977–2009 and Miller et al (2006)).
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