Table 1 Hierarchical AMOVA based on nuclear microsatellite DNA: percentage of variation explained by different levels of population structure, variance components, and Φ-statistics

From: Population differentiation within and among Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) populations in southern India

Level of analysis

df

Variance components

Percent variation

Φ-statistics

P-value

Among populations (Nilgiris, Anamalai, Periyar)

2

0.0733 Va

5.23

ΦST=0.052

<0.001

Within populations

421

1.3276 Vb

94.77

  

Among locations within Nilgiris

10

0.0320 Va

2.23

ΦST=0.022

0.003

Within locations

265

1.4058 Vb

97.77

  

Within NEGR

7

0.0088 Va

0.62

ΦST=0.006

0.177

Within locations

250

1.4304 Vb

99.38

  
  1. The three populations considered are Nilgiris, Anamalai, and Periyar; the Nilgiris further consists of two zones: NEGR and NSCR, the latter being represented by only two sampling locations.
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