Table 1 Results of complex segregation analysis of litter size in arctic foxes under different models of inheritance

From: Inheritance of litter size at birth in farmed arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus, Canidae, Carnivora)

Parameter

Model

 

Unrestricted

Environmental

Mendelian

Dominant effect of A1

q

0.63

0.81

0.76

0.73

τ(A1A1)

0.84

0.81a

1.00b

1.00b

τ(A1A2)

1.00

0.81a

0.50b

0.50b

τ(A2A2)

0.00

0.81a

0.00b

0.00b

μ(A1A1)

12.71

11.60

11.63

12.33

μ(A1A2)

11.50

13.58

13.43

12.33a

μ(A2A2)

8.75

7.45

8.00

8.61

σ G 2

0.04

0.67

0.11

0.24

σ e 2

4.38

3.12

3.58

4.29

−LH

703.92

707.85

706.62

707.22

χ2(df)c

 

7.86(3)

5.40(3)

6.60(4)

P-value

 

<0.05

>0.15

>0.17

  1. Abbreviations: q, allele A1 frequency; τ(A1A1), τ(A1A2), τ(A2A2), transmission probabilities; μ(A1A1), μ(A1A2), μ(A2A2), major genotype means; σG2, additive polygene variance; σe2, environmental variance; LH, logarithm of likelihood; P, significant level of likelihood ratio test.
  2. The major gene hypothesis is accepted if unrestricted model is significantly better than environmental one (P<0.05) and Mendelian model does not differ significantly from unrestricted one (P>0.05).
  3. aParameter value is constrained to equal preceding parameter value and is not estimated in this model.
  4. bParameter value is fixed.
  5. cLikelihood-ratio χ2 (upper bound on degrees of freedom) testing the null hypothesis of no difference from the unrestricted model.
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