Figure 1
From: Scaffolded biosensors with designed DNA nanostructures

The evolution of surface-confined DNA probes from one-dimensional (1D) probes to two-dimensional (2D) and then three-dimensional (3D). Gold surfaces are anchored with thiolated DNA probes with (a) 1D single-stranded oligonucleotides (usually between 15 and 50 bases) without any secondary structure; (b) 2D DNA structure; and (c) 3D scaffolded DNA nanostructure.