Figure 4

Detection of glucose (Glu), as monitored by nanochannel conductance. (a) Current change ratios measured at 0.2 V in the presence of different concentrations of Glu. (b) Current-voltage (I-V) curve for the nanochannels before (black square) and after (red circle) embedding in Glu and ((1,2-diphenylethene-1,2-diyl) bis (1,4-phenylene)-1,1′-diboronic acid (TPEDB)). Fluorescence response to Glu, characterized by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). (c) Fluorescence intensity of modified nanochannels in response to different concentrations of Glu. (d) LSCM observation of the nanochannels membrane before (top) and after (bottom) Glu (4 μM) and TPEDB (50 μM) oligomerization. The membrane thickness is ~12 μM.