Figure 1

Characterization of gadolinium (Gd)-peapods. (a) A transmission electron microscopy (TEM) picture of Gd-peapods. GdCl3 particles fill the hollow part of the inner carbon nanotube (white arrow). (b) X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis spectrum of Gd-peapods. The mass ratio of carbon and Gd were 91.3770 and 2.1016 mass percentage, respectively. (c) Mass attenuation coefficient of Gd-peapods. (d) Magnetic properties of Gd-peapods and empty peapods. Only Gd-peapods exhibit paramagnetic characteristics with a positive magnetic susceptibility.