Figure 3

(a) Ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectra of the Blending-O electrochromic devices (ECDs; air as reference) with different thicknesses (250 nm; 1 μm) on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates (coated area: 25 mm × 20 mm; containing 0.5 mg heptyl viologen (HV) as a cathodic electrochromic material (ECM)) in propylene carbonate with 3 wt% LiBF4 as the supporting electrolyte, and (b) photos of the ECDs in their bleached states and colored states.