Figure 5
NPDox/VLA4−pep induces DNA DSBs and apoptosis in MM cells. NCI-H929 cells were treated with 250 nM Dox equivalents of NPDox/VLA4−pep or free Dox for 0–48 h. (a) Phosphorylation of DNA damage response protein H2AX at Ser139 was assayed by western blotting. (b) Respective H2AX foci formation was assayed by immunocytochemistry (right). Representative images are shown. Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry following Annexin V-FITC staining (c), and by western blotting for PARP cleavage, and caspase-8 and caspase-9 activation (d). For flow cytometric analysis, data represent means (±s.d.) of triplicate experiments. For western blotting, representative images are shown.
