Table 1 Cox regression for time to progression to MM

From: Flow cytometry defined cytoplasmic immunoglobulin index is a major prognostic factor for progression of asymptomatic monoclonal gammopathies to multiple myeloma (subset analysis of SWOG S0120)

Variables

n/N (%)

Time to treatment for MM

  

HR (95% CI)

P-value

Univariate

 Age ⩾65 years

49/110 (45%)

3.49 (1.58, 7.69)

<0.001

 Female

52/110 (47%)

0.67 (0.32, 1.42)

0.295

 White

91/110 (83%)

7.11 (0.97, 52.24)

0.024

 Albumin<3.5 g/dl

21/110 (19%)

4.39 (2.10, 9.15)

<0.001

 B2M ⩾3.5 mg/l

32/109 (29%)

2.85 (1.37, 5.92)

0.003

 B2M>5.5 mg/l

6/109 (6%)

1.54 (0.37, 6.50)

0.552

 Creatinine ⩾2 mg/dl

1/110 (1%)

0.00 (0.00)

0.562

 CRP ⩾8 mg/l

28/110 (25%)

0.83 (0.34, 2.04)

0.685

 Hb<10 g/dl

4/110 (4%)

4.23 (1.26, 14.14)

0.011

 LDH ⩾190 U/l

12/110 (11%)

0.69 (0.16, 2.91)

0.614

 M Protein ⩾3 g/dl

17/109 (16%)

7.52 (3.58, 15.82)

<0.001

 BMPC ⩾10%

72/110 (65%)

5.43 (1.64, 17.96)

0.002

 Involved light chain>10 mg/dl

32/86 (37%)

1.56 (0.73, 3.34)

0.248

 Involved/uninvolved ratio>8

45/86 (52%)

2.51 (1.10, 5.75)

0.024

 Cytogenetic abnormalities

18/110 (16%)

3.83 (1.77, 8.27)

<0.001

 GEP 70-gene risk>−0.26

28/84 (33%)

6.39 (2.59, 15.77)

<0.001

 GEP 4-gene score⩾9.28

10/84 (12%)

7.57 (3.14, 18.26)

<0.001

 Number of stem lines⩾2

64/110 (58%)

3.29 (1.34, 8.10)

0.006

 Any aneuploidy

70/110 (64%)

2.52 (1.03, 6.19)

0.037

 Total LCR% >17

20/110 (18%)

10.92 (5.14, 23.16)

<0.001

 Any CIg<3.6

26/110 (24%)

7.90 (3.75, 16.66)

<0.001

Multivariate

 M Protein ⩾3 g/dl

17/109 (16%)

4.57 (2.08, 10.04)

<0.001

 Total LCR% >17

20/109 (18%)

4.72 (2.07, 10.76)

<0.001

 Any CIg<3.6

26/109 (24%)

3.97 (1.75, 8.99)

<0.001

  1. Abbreviations: BMPC, bone marrow plasma cells; CI, confidence interval; CIg, cytoplasmic immunoglobulin index; CRP, C-reactive protein; GEP, gene expression profiling; HR, hazard ratio; LCR, light chain restricted; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MM, Multiple myeloma, NS2, not significant at 0.005 level. P-value from score χ2-test in Cox regression. NS2- Multivariate results not statistically significant at 0.05 level. All univariate P-values reported regardless of significance. Multivariate model uses stepwise selection with entry level 0.1 and variable remains if it meets the 0.05 level. A multivariate P-value >0.05 indicates variable forced into model with significant variables chosen using stepwise selection.
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