Figure 1

CCID formation by cell migration. (A) Time lap experiment show the same microscopic power field after 0–5 h co-culture of LECs (upper panel; cytotracker green, FITC filter) and MCF-7 spheroids (lower panel; phase contrast); The images show the progression of CCID formation over time. No apoptotic features were observed. Scale bars: 200 μm. (B) The gradual increase of CCID areas over time was measured underneath five MCF-7 spheroids or human normal lung fibroblast spheroids (HLF) after the indicated time points using Axiovision software (Zeiss). Error bars indicate s.e.m. (C) LECs were grown on coverslips until confluence when MCF-7 spheroids were transferred on top of LECs and co-incubated for 4 h at 37°C to allow CCID formation. LECs were stained with respective antibodies. Confocal laser scanning microscopy of immunocytochemically stained LECs at the rim of CCID (upper right diagon each, which was the part covered by the MCF-7 spheroid) show elevated levels of phosphorylation (green; FITC filter) of MYPT threonine-696 (left panel) and MLC2 serine-19 (right panel), indicating increased cell mobility. Nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars: 45 μm.