Table 4 Odds ratios (ORs) for the presence of human polyomavirus (HPyV) DNA in urine and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to selected variables among 252 study subjects
From: Urinary human polyomavirus and papillomavirus infection and bladder cancer risk
HPyV DNA | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | ||
n (%) | n (%) | OR (95% CI) a | |
Age (years) | |||
<65 | 69 (76.7) | 21 (23.3) | 1b |
65–74 | 79 (76.0) | 25 (24.0) | 0.93 (0.47–1.84) |
⩾75 | 41 (70.7) | 17 (29.3) | 1.00 (0.45–2.21) |
χ2 for trend | 0.00; P=0.97 | ||
Sex | |||
Men | 165 (79.7) | 42 (20.3) | 1b |
Women | 24 (53.3) | 21 (46.7) | 0.29 (0.14–0.57) |
Education (years) | |||
<7 | 92 (73.6) | 33 (26.4) | 1b |
7–11 | 65 (77.4) | 19 (22.6) | 1.16 (0.58–2.35) |
⩾12 | 32 (74.4) | 11 (25.6) | 0.94 (0.39–2.26) |
χ2 for trend | 0.00; P=1.00 | ||
Smoking habit | |||
Never | 50 (83.3) | 10 (16.7) | 1b |
Former | 95 (73.6) | 34 (26.4) | 0.34 (0.13–0.90) |
Current | 44 (69.8) | 19 (30.2) | 0.32 (0.13–0.79) |
Drinking habit (drinks/week) | |||
<21 | 75 (70.0) | 32 (30.0) | 1b |
⩾21 | 114 (78.1) | 31 (21.9) | 1.07 (0.55–2.06) |
Number of siblings c | |||
⩾6 | 26 (61.9) | 16 (38.1) | 1b |
4–5 | 45 (75.0) | 15 (25.0) | 1.65 (0.68–4.01) |
2–3 | 70 (76.9) | 21 (23.1) | 2.29 (0.97–5.40) |
0–1 | 47 (81.0) | 11 (19.0) | 2.82 (1.07–7.41) |
χ2 for trend | 4.92; P=0.03 | ||
