Table 1 Characteristics of OSCC cases and matched controls, Golestan province, Iran, 2003–2007
Characteristics | Cases ( n =293) | Controls ( n =524) | P -value | Controls without serum samples ( n =47) | P -value a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean age (s.d.), years | 64.4 (11.1) | 65.5 (10.4) | 0.95 | 62.1 (9.9) | 0.07 |
Sex (%) | |||||
Men | 147 (50.2) | 256 (48.8) | 0.71 | 22 (46.8) | 0.8 |
Women | 146 (49.8) | 268 (51.2) | 25 (53.2) | ||
Residence area (%) | |||||
Urban | 80 (27.3) | 133 (25.4) | 0.54 | 17 (36.2) | 0.1 |
Rural | 213 (72.7) | 391 (74.6) | 30 (63.8) | ||
Ethnicity (%) | |||||
Turkmen | 166 (56.7) | 282 (53.8) | 0.43 | 30 (63.8) | 0.18 |
Non-Turkmen | 127 (43.3) | 242 (46.2) | 17 (36.2) | ||
Education (%) | |||||
Illiterate | 261 (89.1) | 437 (83.4) | 0.02 | 37 (87.7) | 0.41 |
Primary school and higher | 32 (10.9) | 87 (16.6) | 10 (21.3) | ||
Alcohol ever use (%) | |||||
No | 287 (98) | 511 (97.5) | 0.69 | 46 (97.9) | 0.88 |
Yes | 6 (2) | 13 (2.5) | 1 (2.1) | ||
Tobacco and opium useb (%) | |||||
Neither | 162 (55.5) | 366 (70.0) | 0.0002 | 32 (68.1) | 0.58 |
Ever use tobacco | 43 (14.7) | 59 (11.3) | 7 (14.9) | ||
Ever use opium | 29 (10.0) | 33 (6.3) | 1 (2.1) | ||
Ever use tobacco and opium | 58 (19.8) | 65 (12.4) | 7 (14.9) | ||
Fruit and vegetable consumption (%) | |||||
⩽ Medianc | 139 (47.4) | 235 (44.8) | 0.47 | 20 (42.5) | 0.76 |
> Median | 154 (52.6) | 289 (55.1) | 27 (57.5) | ||
DMFT (%) b | |||||
⩽ Median (28) | 117 (40.3) | 266 (51.0) | 0.004 | 28 (59.6) | 0.25 |
> Median | 173 (59.7) | 256 (49.0) | 19 (40.4) | ||
Tooth brushing habit b | |||||
Ever | 59 (20.3) | 221 (42.4) | <0.0001 | 18 (39.1) | 0.66 |
Never | 232 (79.7) | 300 (57.6) | 28 (60.9) | ||
PGI (μg l−1), median (IQR) | 109.3 (67.2–147.5) | 94.9 (66.6–123.3) | NA | ||
PGII (μg l−1), median (IQR) | 14.2 (9.6–21.5) | 12.3 (8.8–18.2) | NA | ||
PGI/PGII ratio, median (IQR) | 7.0 (4.8–9.7) | 7.2 (5.3–9.9) | NA | ||
