Table 4 Combined effects of gastric atrophy and dental health or oral hygiene habit on OSCC risk after breaking the matching factors

From: Gastric atrophy and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: possible interaction with dental health and oral hygiene habit

 

Gastric atrophy −

Gastric atrophy +

 

Case/control

OR a (95% CI)

Case/control

OR a (95% CI)

DMFT ⩽28

29/104

Referent

12/26

1.65 (0.74–3.67)

    

P=0.20

DMFT >28

40/84

1.71 (0.98–2.98)

30/31

3.47 (1.81–6.64)

  

P=0.06

 

P <0.001

Ever tooth brushing

14/87

Referent

5/24

1.40 (0.44–4.39)

    

P=0.57

Never tooth brushing

57/100

4.12 (2.05–8.28)

37/33

8.77 (3.89–19.72)

  

P <0.001

 

P <0.001

  1. Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval; DMFT=sum of decayed, missed, and filled teeth; OR=odds ratio; OSCC=oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
  2. Measure of interaction on additive scale: relative excess risk due to interaction with low DMFT (95% CI): 1.47 (−1.15 to 4.1) and with never tooth brushing habit (95% CI): 4.34 (−1.07 to 9.76).
  3. Measure of interaction on multiplicative scale: between atrophy and low DMFT: OR (95% CI): 1.44 (0.63–3.32); P=0.39 and measure of interaction between atrophy and never tooth brushing on multiplicative scale: OR (95% CI): 1.78 (0.30–10.42); P=0.52.
  4. aORs (95% CI) levels adjusted for age, sex, residence area, ethnicity (Non-Turkmen or Turkmen), alcohol consumption (never or ever), tobacco or opium use (none, only tobacco, only opium, or both), education level (illiterate, primary school or more), and vegetable/fruit consumption.
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