Table 2 Recognition of cancer symptoms by socio-demographic group (n=38 630)
From: Cancer symptom awareness and barriers to symptomatic presentation in England—are we clear on cancer?
Recognition of symptoms, OR (99% CI) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unexplained lump/swelling | Unexplained persistent pain | Unexplained bleeding | Persistent cough/hoarseness | Change in bowel/bladder habit | Difficulty in swallowing | Change in appearance of mole | Sore that does not heal | Unexplained weight loss | |
Gender a | |||||||||
Men | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Women | 1.37* (1.22–1.53) | 0.98 (0.92–1.04) | 1.50* (1.39–1.61) | 1.39* (1.31–1.47) | 1.40* (1.30–1.51) | 1.32* (1.24–1.40) | 1.60* (1.46–1.75) | 1.24* (1.17–1.31) | 1.33* (1.24–1.43) |
Age group (years) a | |||||||||
15–34 | 0.74* (0.64–0.86) | 0.88* (0.81–0.96) | 0.43* (0.39–0.48) | 0.51* (0.47–0.54) | 0.40* (0.36–0.44) | 0.48* (0.45–0.52) | 0.49* (0.43–0.55) | 0.49* (0.46–0.53) | 0.40* (0.37–0.44) |
35–54 | 0.97 (0.84–1.12) | 0.99 (0.92–1.07) | 0.73* (0.67–0.81) | 0.73* (0.68–0.78) | 0.69* (0.62–0.76) | 0.74* (0.69–0.80) | 0.80* (0.71–0.91) | 0.70* (0.65–0.75) | 0.73* (0.66–0.80) |
55–74 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
75+ | 0.57* (0.45–0.71) | 0.70* (0.61–0.80) | 0.56* (0.48–0.65) | 0.73* (0.64–0.83) | 0.61* (0.51–0.73) | 0.71* (0.62–0.81) | 0.45* (0.37–0.54) | 0.81* (0.71–0.92) | 0.57* (0.48–0.67) |
Quintile of area income deprivation a | |||||||||
1 (Most affluent) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
2 | 0.78 (0.59–1.01) | 0.98 (0.87–1.12) | 0.98 (0.84–1.16) | 0.92 (0.82–1.03) | 0.98 (0.82–1.16) | 0.95 (0.84–1.08) | 0.81 (0.65–1.02) | 0.95 (0.85–1.06) | 1.08 (0.93–1.25) |
3 | 0.70* (0.55–0.89) | 0.95 (0.84–1.07) | 0.84* (0.73–0.98) | 0.90 (0.81–1.00) | 0.83* (0.71–0.97) | 0.87* (0.77–0.97) | 0.65* (0.53–0.80) | 0.98 (0.88–1.09) | 0.98 (0.86–1.12) |
4 | 0.52* (0.41–0.67) | 0.77* (0.68–0.87) | 0.68* (0.58–0.78) | 0.77* (0.69–0.85) | 0.65* (0.56–0.76) | 0.72* (0.65–0.81) | 0.45* (0.37–0.55) | 0.82* (0.74–0.91) | 0.80* (0.70–0.91) |
5 (Most deprived) | 0.47* (0.37–0.58) | 0.70* (0.63–0.79) | 0.60* (0.53–0.69) | 0.71* (0.64–0.79) | 0.56* (0.49–0.65) | 0.67* (0.60–0.74) | 0.37* (0.31–0.45) | 0.74* (0.67–0.81) | 0.78* (0.69–0.88) |
Education b | |||||||||
With degree | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
No degree | 0.73* (0.61–0.88) | 0.64* (0.58–0.70) | 0.70* (0.63–0.78) | 0.69* (0.64–0.75) | 0.70* (0.62–0.79) | 0.77* (0.71–0.84) | 0.67* (0.57–0.79) | 0.79* (0.73–0.86) | 0.74* (0.66–0.82) |
Missing | 0.38* (0.31–0.46) | 0.64* (0.57–0.71) | 0.51* (0.45–0.57) | 0.60* (0.55–0.66) | 0.42* (0.37–0.48) | 0.56* (0.51–0.62) | 0.24* (0.21–0.29) | 0.54* (0.49–0.59) | 0.52* (0.46–0.59) |
Employment b | |||||||||
Employed | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Unemployed | 0.70* (0.59–0.83) | 0.82* (0.75–0.90) | 0.65* (0.59–0.73) | 0.79* (0.73–0.86) | 0.66* (0.60–0.74) | 0.83* (0.78–0.88) | 0.64* (0.56–0.73) | 0.82* (0.76–0.89) | 0.81* (0.73–0.89) |
Retired | 0.86 (0.69–1.06) | 0.98 (0.88–1.10) | 0.94 (0.82–1.09) | 1.10 (0.99–1.22) | 1.06 (0.91–1.24) | 1.11* (1.02–1.21) | 0.80* (0.67–0.96) | 1.15* (1.04–1.28) | 1.05 (0.91–1.20) |
Missing | 0.44* (0.37–0.51) | 0.87* (0.80–0.95) | 0.60* (0.54–0.66) | 0.76* (0.70–0.82) | 0.50* (0.45–0.55) | 0.68* (0.63–0.72) | 0.29* (0.26–0.32) | 0.64* (0.59–0.69) | 0.63* (0.57–0.69) |
Marital status b | |||||||||
Married | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Single | 0.78* (0.67–0.92) | 0.90* (0.82–0.98) | 0.73* (0.66–0.80) | 0.82* (0.76–0.89) | 0.73* (0.65–0.81) | 0.84* (0.77–0.91) | 0.71* (0.62–0.81) | 0.87* (0.80–0.94) | 0.75* (0.68–0.83) |
Separated | 0.97 (0.80–1.16) | 0.95 (0.87–1.05) | 0.97 (0.85–1.09) | 0.92* (0.84–1.00) | 0.89 (0.78–1.01) | 1.03 (0.93–1.14) | 0.97 (0.82–1.14) | 0.96 (0.88–1.05) | 0.92 (0.82–1.03) |
Missing | 0.47* (0.40–0.54) | 0.89* (0.82–0.97) | 0.61* (0.55–0.67) | 0.75* (0.69–0.81) | 0.49* (0.44–0.54) | 0.67* (0.62–0.72) | 0.32* (0.28–0.35) | 0.62* (0.58–0.67) | 0.61* (0.55–0.67) |
