Table 3 Patient mortality outcomes and relationships of travelling time from home to GP, cancer diagnosis centre and cancer treatment centre

From: A cancer geography paradox? Poorer cancer outcomes with longer travelling times to healthcare facilities despite prompter diagnosis and treatment: a data-linkage study

Outcome=mortality to 1 year

 

Travelling time (min)

<5.0

5.0–9.9

10.0–14.9

>15.0

Islands

Time from home to GP practice

N

5798

2824

961

711

847

 

N event (%)

1308 (22.6)

571 (20.2)

173 (18.0)

127 (17.9)

187 (22.1)

 

Unadjusted HR (95% CI)

1.00

0.89 (0.80–0.98)

0.77 (0.66–0.91)

0.76 (0.63–0.91)

0.98 (0.84–1.14)

 

Adjusteda HR (95% CI)

1.00

0.90 (0.81–1.01)

0.99 (0.84–1.19)

0.76 (0.62–0.91)

0.98 (0.82–1.16)

 

Travelling time (min)

<15.0

15.0–29.9

30.0–59.9

>60.0

Islands

Time from home to cancer diagnosis centre

N

4878

2094

2178

1144

847

 

N event (%)

949 (19.4)

436 (20.8)

488 (22.4)

306 (26.7)

187 (22.1)

 

Unadjusted HR (95% CI)

1.00

1.08 (0.96–1.20)

1.16 (1.04–1.29)

1.43 (1.26–1.63)

1.16 (0.99–1.35)

 

Adjusteda HR (95% CI)

1.00

1.06 (0.93–1.21)

1.20 (1.05–1.37)

1.15 (0.98–1.35)

1.14 (0.95–1.37)

Time from home to cancer treatment centre

N

3704

1605

2269

2716

847

 

N event (%)

812 (21.9)

298 (18.6)

456 (20.1)

613 (22.6)

187 (22.1)

 

Unadjusted HR (95% CI)

1.00

0.82 (0.72–0.94)

0.90 (0.80–1.01)

1.03 (0.93–1.15)

1.01 (0.86–1.19)

 

Adjusteda HR (95% CI)

1.00

1.04 (0.89–1.22)

1.21 (1.05–1.39)

1.19 (1.04–1.36)

1.17 (0.97–1.41)

Outcome=cancer-specific mortality to 1 year

 

Travelling time (min)

<5.0

5.0–9.9

10.0–14.9

>15.0

Islands

Time from home to GP practice

N

5798

2824

961

711

847

 

N event (%)

1175 (20.3)

517 (18.3)

162 (16.9)

117 (16.5)

164 (19.4)

 

Unadjusted HR (95% CI)

1.00

0.89 (0.81–0.99)

0.81 (0.69–0.95)

0.78 (0.64–0.94)

0.96 (0.81–1.13)

 

Adjusteda HR (95% CI)

1.00

0.91 (0.81–1.02)

1.04 (0.87–1.25)

0.75 (0.61–0.92)

0.94 (0.79–1.13)

 

Travelling time (min)

<15.0

15.0–29.9

30.0–59.9

>60.0

Islands

Time from home to cancer diagnosis centre

N

4878

2094

2178

1144

847

 

N event (%)

847 (17.4)

392 (18.7)

447 (20.5)

285 (24.9)

164 (19.4)

 

Unadjusted HR (95% CI)

1.00

1.08 (0.96–1.22)

1.19 (1.06–1.34)

1.49 (1.31–1.71)

1.14 (0.96–1.35)

 

Adjusteda HR (95% CI)

1.00

1.06 (0.92–1.21)

1.22 (1.06–1.40)

1.16 (0.99–1.37)

1.10 (0.91–1.33)

Time from home to cancer treatment centre

N

3704

1605

2269

2716

847

 

N event (%)

730 (19.7)

271 (16.9)

416 (18.3)

554 (20.4)

164 (19.4)

 

Unadjusted HR (95% CI)

1.00

0.83 (0.73–0.96)

0.91 (0.81–1.03)

1.04 (0.93–1.16)

0.99 (0.83–1.17)

 

Adjusteda HR (95% CI)

1.00

1.04 (0.89–1.23)

1.21 (1.05–1.41)

1.18 (1.03–1.36)

1.13 (0.92–1.37)

  1. Abbreviations: 95% CI=95% confidence interval; GP=general practitioner; HR=hazard ratio.
  2. aAdjusted for age, gender, urban/rural code 2, deprivation, urgency/referral status, cancer type, procedure type, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score, treatment type and metastatic cancer.