Table 1 Distribution of participant characteristics (weighted by person-years) across the entire follow-up time, in quintiles of the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern scores in the NHS (1984–2012) and the NHS-II (1991–2013)^a^,^b^,^c

From: The inflammatory potential of diet and ovarian cancer risk: results from two prospective cohort studies

	Nurses’ Health Study (NHS)			Nurses’ Health Study II (NHS-II)
Characteristic	Q1	Q3	Q5	Q1	Q3	Q5
Average person-years	390 941	319 212	234 015	271 982	344 572	431 470
Age, year	62.1±9.5^d	63.8±10.0	61.6±9.8	48.6±7.0	47.1±7.2	45.7±7.2
History of tubal ligation, %	21.0	20.0	21.9	22.8	23.9	25.7
History of hysterectomy, %	19.1	22.4	23.3	7.6	8.6	9.9
Family history of breast or ovarian cancer, %	27.4	30.5	25.9	13.8	12.4	11.3
Current smoker, %	17.2	11.4	13.5	9.8	8.3	10.9
Parous, %	94.4	94.8	94.4	79.6	81.7	79.7
No. of children in parous women^e	3	3	3	2	2	2
Duration of breastfeeding in parous women, month	6.7±10.4	6.2±10.2	5.6±9.8	16.5±14.4	15.2±14.2	12.5±13.0
Oral contraceptive use, ever, %	52.7	49.4	52.7	86.6	85.8	84.2
Duration of oral contraceptive use in ever users, year	4.1±3.9	4.0±3.8	4.0±3.9	5.4±4.9	5.5±4.9	5.5±4.8
Postmenopausal, %	81.6	84.2	78.6	31.2	23.9	18.4
Estrogen-only HT use^f, %	17.2	19.0	17.2	9.8	10.1	10.0
Duration of estrogen-only HT use^g, year	7.2±6.3	8.0±7.0	7.5±6.6	3.3±3.5	3.9±3.8	4.2±4.1
Estrogen-progestin HT use^f, %	32.0	28.7	23.9	34.5	34.2	30.8
Duration of estrogen-progestin HT use^g, year	5.8±4.1	5.7±4.1	5.2±3.7	3.3±2.9	3.3±2.9	3.1±2.8
Alcohol intake, g d⁻¹	9.7±12.6	4.3±7.2	3.4±6.7	9.6±12.5	4.2±6.0	2.9±4.6
Total energy intake, Kcal d⁻¹	1780±533	1668±527	1814±582	1947±574	1756±550	1857±601
Used ⩾1 of 15 supplements^h, %	76.2	74.9	67.9	72.7	69.9	63.0
Physical activity, MET-hour per week	20.1±23.7	17.4±20.9	15.5±19.2	25.9±28.7	21.2±24.2	18.9±23.2
Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)	0.81±0.15	0.82±0.11	0.84±0.11	0.80±0.07	0.81±0.07	0.82±0.08
WHR ⩾0.80, %	45.7	53.6	62.0	48.3	52.3	61.7
Body mass index, kg m⁻²	24.9±4.4	26.3±5.1	28.4±6.2	25.3±5.2	26.2±5.8	28.3±7.2
Overweight/obese, ⩾25 kg m⁻², %	41.6	54.4	67.4	41.6	47.8	60.6

^aEDIP=empirical dietary inflammatory pattern score; HT=postmenopausal hormone therapy; NHS=Nurses’ Health Study; NHS-II=Nurses’ Health Study-II; Q=quintile.
^bWeighted by follow-up time (person-years) accrued by each participant.
^cEDIP scores were adjusted for energy intake using the residual method. In the EDIP quintiles, lower EDIP scores indicate anti-inflammatory diets and higher scores, pro-inflammatory diets.
^dMean±s.d. (all such values).
^eAverage rounded to the nearest whole number.
^fAmong postmenopausal women.
^gAmong postmenopausal women using HT.
^hThe 15 supplements included were: multivitamins, vitamin A, beta-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B-complex, folic acid, niacin (when used separately from B-complex), calcium, iron, selenium, zinc, magnesium and fish oil.

Back to article page

Table 1 Distribution of participant characteristics (weighted by person-years) across the entire follow-up time, in quintiles of the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern scores in the NHS (1984–2012) and the NHS-II (1991–2013)^a^,^b^,^c

Search

Quick links