Figure 1

RCC cell lines positive for androgen receptor (AR) are sensitive to androgens.(A) Promoter activity of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in AR-positive and -negative RCC cell lines with varying doses of DHT. Cells were transiently transfected with the reporter plasmid containing PSA promoter and luciferase. In the AR-positive cell lines, Caki2 and HS891.T, DHT increased luciferase activity in a concentration dependent manner. (B) The AR-positive RCC cell line Caki2 was injected into the flanks of 20 mice. Following the establishment of tumour, ten mice were surgically castrated and tumour volume was measured for 3 weeks. Castration decreased the tumour growth of Caki2 xenografts significantly. (C) Gross picture of tumours harvested from castration and sham control (non-castration). *statistically significant.