British Journal of Cancer

Table 1 Details of the development and factors included in each of the risk scores included in validation study

From: External validation of risk prediction models for incident colorectal cancer using UK Biobank

					Factors included in score
Author, year	Country	Cancer outcome	Study design	Model type	Age	Sex	Ethnicity	BMI	FH	Smoking	Alcohol	Physical activity	Red meat	Aspirin/NSAIDs	Other
Colditz et al, 2000	USA	Colon	Expert consensus	Expert consensus				•	•		•	•	•	•	Vegetables, height, HRT, birth control pills. multivitamin use, IBD, saturated fat, calcium and vitamin D supplements
Driver et al, 2007	USA	Colorectal	Cohort	Logistic regression	•	A		•		•	•
Freedman et al, 2009	USA	Colorectal (male)	Case–control	Logistic regression	•	B	•	•	•	•		•		•	Vegetables, previous sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, previous polyps
Freedman et al, 2009	USA	Colorectal (female)	Case–control	Logistic regression	•	B	•	•	•			•		•	Vegetables, previous sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, previous polyps, oestrogen use
Guesmi et al, 2010	Tunisia	Colorectal	Case–control	Logistic regression	•										Processed meat, milk
Johnson et al, 2013	Worldwide	Colorectal	Meta-analysis	Meta-analysis				•	•	•	•	•	•	•	IBD, hormone therapy, processed meat
Ma et al, 2010	Japan	Colorectal	Cohort	Cox regression	•	A		•		•	•	•
Ma et al, 2010	Japan	Colorectal	Cohort	Simple score	•	A		•		•	•	•
Tao et al, 2014	Germany	Colorectal	Cross-sectional	Logistic regression	•	•			•	•	•		•	•	Previous polyp, previous colonoscopy
Wei Y-S et al, 2009	China	Colorectal	Case–control	Logistic regression				•	•	•	•
Hippisley-Cox and Coupland, 2015 (QCancer10)	UK	Colorectal (male)	Cohort	Cox regression	•	B	•	•	•	•	•				Deprivation, blood cancer, ulcerative colitis, lung cancer, oral cancer, polyps, diabetes
Hippisley-Cox and Coupland, 2015 (QCancer10)	UK	Colorectal (female)	Cohort	Cox regression	•	B	•		•	•	•				Breast cancer, cervical cancer, ulcerative colitis, ovarian cancer, polyps, diabetes, uterine cancer
Wells et al, 2014	USA	Colorectal (male)	Cohort	Cox regression	•	B	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	•	Years of education, multivitamins, diabetes
Wells et al, 2014	USA	Colorectal (female)	Cohort	Cox regression	•	B	•	•	•	•	•			•	Years of education, multivitamins, diabetes, oestrogen

Abbreviations: A=model applicable to male only; B=different models for male and female; BMI=body mass index; FH=family history; IBD=inflammatory bowel disease; NSAIDs=non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

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