Figure 1
From: Splicing controls the ubiquitin response during DNA double-strand break repair
Recruitment of DNA repair factors to double-strand breaks is impaired in splicing-deficient cells. (a) HeLa Luc-I or Luc cells were exposed to DMSO (control), 100 nM pladienolide B or 50 μM isoginkgetin for 1–16 h. After normalization to the corresponding DMSO value, the ratio between Luc-I and Luc luciferase activity is presented as a percentage. Means±S.D. are shown, n=4. (b) U2OS cells were treated with pladienolide B or isoginkgetin for 2, 6 or 16 h, irradiated (6 Gy, 1 h recovery) 1 h prior to termination of the treatment, fixed and immunostained for γH2AX, MDC1, WRAP53β, RNF168, conjugated ubiquitin recognized by the FK2 antibody, 53BP1, RAD51 or BRCA1. Nuclei were stained with DAPI in all immunofluorescence experiments. The numbers in white represent the percentage of 100–200 cells counted whose nuclei contained >10 IR-induced foci. Means±S.D. are shown, n=3. *P-value<0.05, as determined by a non-paired two-tailed Student’s t-test. The ‘foci-like’ accumulations RAD51 after splicing inhibition in (b) are not IR-induced foci, but accumulation of RAD51 in the nucleolus for unknown reasons
