Figure 5 | Cell Death & Disease

Figure 5

From: Therapeutic metformin/AMPK activation blocked lymphoma cell growth via inhibition of mTOR pathway and induction of autophagy

Figure 5

Metformin enhanced lymphoma cell sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic agent and stimulate autophagy. (a) In Daudi and Jurkat cells, metformin increased the cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin. (b) Metformin combined with doxorubicin induced less lymphoma cell growth inhibition in the AMPK siRNA group than in the Con siRNA group, *P<0.001 comparing with the Con siRNA group. (c) Autophagy-related LC3-II expression was significantly elevated in cells co-treated with metformin and doxorubicin. (d) Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine abrogated lymphoma cell growth inhibition induced by co-treatment. (e) Combined oral metformin with doxorubicin significantly inhibited xenograft lymphoma growth, comparing with the control group or each agent alone. (f) The metformin/doxorubicin combination frequently induced lymphoma cell autophagy

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