Figure 1

PIO effects on short- and long-term memory analyzed with the MWM test. Bar graphs depict MWM results evaluated in term of number of platform crosses. (a) Short-term memory. WT male mice treated with PIO and tested for effects on short-term memory (1.5 h after the last training session) showed statistically significant increases in crosses compared with CTRL-diet WT mice (PIO-diet male WT versus CTRL-diet male WT, P=0.022). All other groups were not affected by PIO treatment. (b) Long-term memory. Analysis of swimming performance 24 h after the last training session to evaluate long-term memory showed improvement in PIO-treated PS1-KI females compared with CTRL-diet female mice (PIO-diet female PS1-KI versus CTRL-diet female PS1-KI, P=0.030; Right panel). The improvement is also highlighted by the comparison with PIO-treated WT females (PIO-diet female PS1-KI versus PIO-diet female WT, P=0.015). Females and males are depicted with white and gray bars, respectively; CTRL-diet is shown with open bar, PIO-diet is represented with crossed bars. Data are shown as means±S.E.M.; n=12 for each group. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance for repeated measures; **0.05≤P<0.01