Figure 4

PIO effects on fasting glycemia. Graphs show time course of fasting blood glucose levels measured during the 9-month period in treated and untreated (a) WT, (b) PS1-KI, and (c) 3xTg-AD mice. Upper panels show results in female mice, lower panels depict findings in males. Female and male PS1-KI mice under CTRL-diet showed a significant time-dependent increase in fasting glycaemiaglycaemia when compared with WT mice (CTRL-diet female PS1-KI versus CTRL-diet female WT, P=0.02, and CTRL-diet male PS1-KI versus CTRL-diet male WT, P=0.01). PIO treatment induced a statistically significant reduction of fasting glycemia in female PS1-KI mice (PIO-diet female PS1-KI versus CTRL-diet female PS1-KI, P<0.001). On the contrary, PIO treatment had no effect on PS1-KI males (PIO-diet male PS1-KI versus CTRL-diet male PS1-KI, P=0.440). Data are shown as means±S.E.M.; n=12 for each group. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance for repeated measures. *PIO treatment effect; ^#genotype effect; ^§gender effect. P≤0.01 for all comparisons