Figure 4 | Cell Death & Disease

Figure 4

From: Neoalbaconol induces energy depletion and multiple cell death in cancer cells by targeting PDK1-PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway

Figure 4

NA inhibits glucose consumption and ATP synthesis. (a and b) The effect of NA (40 μM) treatment for 4–6 h on glucose consumption and ATP generation. Data are shown as mean±S.D. of three experiments. (c) The effect of NA on ATP synthesis in C666-1 cells was measured. Cells were incubated with NA(40 μM), Nec-1 (40 μM) or both for 24 h. ATP production and cell viability were determined and the average production of ATP per cell unit was calculated (ATP/OD). Data are shown as mean+S.D. of three experiments. *P<0.05 ns, no significance. (d) The effect of Akt overexpression on NA-inhibited HK2 expression in C666-1 and HK1 cells was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Data are shown as mean+S.D. of three experiments. *P<0.05. (e) Cellular ATP level and cell viability were measured in Akt-overexpressing C666-1 cells. Data are shown as mean+ S.D. of three experiments. *P<0.05. (f) The expression level of Akt downstream molecules, mTOR, phosphorylated mTOR, HK2 and LC3 in NA-treated C666-1 cells was analyzed by immunoblotting. β-Actin served as a loading control

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