Figure 3

ROS quenchers reduced MA±gp120-induced oxidative stress and cell death. SVGA astrocytes were treated with or without vit. C and vit. E 1 h before the treatment with MA and/or gp120. ROS (a and c) was measured using the flow cytometer 24 h after the treatment and the effect on cell death (b and d) was measured 48 h after the treatment. The bars represent mean±S.E. of at least three independent experiments with each treatment in triplicates. The P-value ≤0.01 (**) were considered significant using two-tailed Student’s t-test and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)