Figure 3
From: The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by nanoparticles through ATP, ADP and adenosine
Nanoparticles induce IL-1β secretion through P2Y metabotropic purinergic receptors in murine macrophages. Expression of P2X7, P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y12 and P2Y13 receptors in LPS-primed BMDMs stimulated for 4 h with nano-SiO2 or nano-TiO2 (250 μg/ml) was analysed by quantitative PCR (a). P2Y1 (for nano-SiO2 only) and P2Y2 mRNA levels were increased, whereas P2X7, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y12 and P2Y13 mRNA levels were slightly reduced 4 h after nano-SiO2 or nano-TiO2 stimulation (a). Macrophages from wild-type (B6), P2X7-, P2X4- or P2Y2-deficient mice were stimulated with nanoparticles. P2X4 and P2X7 deficiency had no effect (b), whereas P2Y2 deficiency slightly decreased IL-1β secretion (c). IL-1β production by LPS-primed BMDMs was slightly decreased with the P2Y1 inhibitor MRS2500 (d), whereas no effect was observed with the P2Y6 inhibitor MRS2578 (e) and P2Y12 inhibitor MRS2395 (f) upon nanoparticle (250 μg/ml) stimulation (Data are representative of three independent experiments *P≤0.05, **P≤0.01, ***P≤0.001, ns: not statistically different)
