Figure 5
From: The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by nanoparticles through ATP, ADP and adenosine
A2A, A2B and A3 receptors were involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Quantitative PCR analysis of P1 receptor expression in LPS-primed BMDMs stimulated for 4 h with nano-SiO2 or nano-TiO2. A2A and A2B mRNA levels were greatly increased by nanoparticles, whereas A3 mRNA was slightly increased only by nano-TiO2, and A1 expression remained unchanged (a). The specific A2A (SCH58261), A2B (MRS1754) and A3 (MRS1523) inhibitors dose dependently decreased IL-1β production by LPS-primed BMDMs, whereas specific A1 inhibitor (DPCPX) had no inhibitory effect on IL-1β secretion (b-e). Inhibitor concentrations were 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3 and 10 μM for DPCPX and SCH58261, and 0.3, 1, 3, 10 and 30 μM for MRS1754 and MRS1523; inhibitors alone did not induce IL-1β production after 6 h (b–e). Nanoparticles were used at 200–250 and 300 μg/ml for nano-SiO2 and nano-TiO2, respectively. Data are representatives of 2–4 independent experiments (*P≤0.05, **P≤0.01, ***P≤0.001, ns: not statistically different)
