Figure 2

BM-MSCs promoted the formation of autophagosomes. (a-c) Western blot evaluation of Beclin1 and LC3-II. Protein expression levels were normalized against β-actin. (d and e) INS-1 cells were transiently transfected with GFP-LC3 plasmid to quantify autophagy. Autophagy was quantified by counting the GFP-LC3 puncta in INS-1 cells. Scale bar, 10 μm. Values are means±S.E. (n=5) from independent experiments. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 versus control group; #P<0.05, ##P<0.01 versus HG group