Figure 3

BM-MSCs significantly enhanced the formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. (a) Immunofluorescence analysis was used to assess the number of LC3-positive (red) autophagosomes colocalized with LAMP2-labeled (green) lysosomes. White arrows point at the colocalization. Scale bar, 20 μm. (b) TEM analysis showed ultrastructural changes in INS-1 cells. N, nucleus. Blue arrows, autophagosomes; yellow arrows, autolysosomes. Scale bar, 0.5 μm. Magnification: × 40 000. All the data were collected from at least three independent experiments