Figure 1 | Cell Death & Disease

Figure 1

From: Hypericin-mediated sonodynamic therapy induces autophagy and decreases lipids in THP-1 macrophage by promoting ROS-dependent nuclear translocation of TFEB

Figure 1

Activation of autophagy protects macrophage from HY-SDT-induced apoptosis. (a) Detection of autophagy in GFP-LC3 transfected macrophage treated with HY alone, ultrasound alone and HY-SDT examined under a confocal laser scanning microscope. Scale bar=20 μm. (b) Western blot analysis of autophagy specific proteins including Beclin 1, SQSTM1/p62 and LC3 II/I in macrophage at 6 h after different treatments as indicated. (c) TEM analysis of morphological change of HY-SDT-treated macrophage at 6 h, showing a typical autolysosome (myelin figures) in the HY-SDT group (red arrow). (d) Macrophage treated with HY-SDT in the presence or absence of 10 mM 3-MA were stained with Annexin V-FITC/PI, followed by flow cytometry analysis of the effect of HY-SDT-induced autophagy on apoptosis. (e) Representative western blots of ATG5 following siRNA treatment. (f) TUNEL staining in HY-SDT-treated macrophage in the presence of ATG5 siRNA. Scale bar=100 μm. (g) Detection of the effect of apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD on the autophagy activation following HY-SDT. The GFP-LC3 transfected macrophage treated with or without Z-VAD were examined under a confocal laser scanning microscope. Scale bar=20 μm. ***P<0.001 versus control; NS, no significance. All values are given as mean±S.D. (error bars) of three independent experiments

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