Figure 7
From: Cytoplasmic RAP1 mediates cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer

Schematic depiction of the proposed model. CP generates DNA damage, which eventually leads to cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, RAP1 is upregulated after CP treatment, possibly through a direct or indirect induction by DNA damage response. The cytoplasmic fraction of RAP1 thus acts to facilitate the IKK-mediated activation of NF-κB signaling, which subsequently induces transcription of downstream factors, including the apoptosis inhibitor BCL-2. Therefore, RAP1 functions through activating NF-κB signaling to mediate resistance to CP