Figure 8

Schematic representation of RA-induced neural differentiation of ESCs. RA treatment led to upregulation of miR-219, which targeted Foxj3 and Zbtb18. Downregulation of Foxj3 and Zbtb18 resulted in the activation of Olig1, Zic5, Erbb2, and Olig2. The neural regulatory networks were triggered, and the neural directional differentiation of ESCs was determined. TF, transcription factor