Figure 9

Klotho reduces Tac-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in HK-2 cells. HK-2 cells were seeded in culture plates at 90% confluence. On the next day, the cells were treated with Tac (60 μg/ml) in the absence or presence of 1 μg/ml rKlotho and 25 μM LY294002 (LY, PI3K inhibitor). After a 12-h treatment, the cells were incubated in a non-CO₂ incubator for 1 h. Next, the ATP synthase inhibitor oligomycin, the uncoupler FCCP, or the respiratory chain complex I and III inhibitor rotenone/antimycin A were added to the culture medium, as indicated (a). The areas under the curve for basal respiration (b), ATP production (c), maximal respiration (d), and spare respiratory capacity (e) were calculated from the OCR. The data are presented as the mean±S.E. ^#P<0.05 versus the VH group; ^$P<0.05 versus the rKlotho groups; ^@P<0.05 versus the Tac group; ^!P<0.05 versus the Tac+rKlotho group