Table 2 Treating neurological disorders in animal models via neural stem cell transplantation
From: Current progress in the derivation and therapeutic application of neural stem cells
Disease target | Animal model | Transplanted cell source | Therapeutic mechanism | Outcome | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ALS | SOD1 (G93A) transgenic rat | Human fetal spinal cord-derived NSCs | Increased glial cell line-derived and brain-derived neurotrophic factors | Improved motor function and extended lifespan | |
ALS | SOD1 (G93A) transgenic mouse | Human iPSCs-derived NSCs | Increased neurotrophic factors and enhanced gliosis | Improved neuromuscular function and extended lifespan | |
PD | 6-OHDA-induced mouse | NSCs transdifferentiated from mouse sertoli cells with Lmx1a | Enhanced tyrosine hydroxylase signal and increased endogenous dopaminergic neurons | Improved motor function | |
PD | MPTP-induced monkey | Human parthenogenetic stem cell-derived NSCs | Increased striatal dopamine concentration, fiber innervation and number of dopaminergic neurons | Promoted behavior recovery | |
AD | APP/PS1 transgenic mouse | Mouse fetal brain-derived NSCs | Enhanced mitochondria biogenesis | Decreased cognitive deficits | |
AD | APP transgenic mouse | Mouse cortical NSCs with cerebrolysin | Increased survival of grafted cells | NA | |
AD | Aβ-induced AD rat | Rat brain-derived NSCs with designer self-assemble peptide | Increased survival and differentiation of the grafted cells, enhanced neuroprotection, anti-neuroinflammatory and paracrine action | Improved behavior recovery | |
AD | 192IgG-saporin-induced AD rat | Rat fetal brain-derived NSCs with nerve growth factor nanoparticles | Increased basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, hippocampal synapses and AchE-positive fibers | Improved spatial learning and memory | |
AD | 3x and Thy1-APP transgenic mouse | Neprilysin-modified human NSCs | Decreased Aβ plaques and increased synaptic density and plasticity | Decreased Alzheimer's disease pathology | |
AD | APP/PS1 transgenic mouse | Human brain-derived NSCs | Enhanced neuronal connectivity and metabolic activity | Improved cognitive, learning and memory, no change in anxiety level | |
AD | Rag-5xfAD transgenic mouse | Commercial human fetal brain-derived CNS-SCs | No changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and no increase in synaptic density | Fail to improve learning and memory | |
HD | R6/2 transgenic mouse | C17.2 NSCs with trehalose | Decreased ubiquitin-positive aggregation, polyglutamine aggregation and striatal volume | Improved motor function, memory performance and survival rate | |
SCI | Weight drop on mouse | Commercial human fetal brain-derived CNS-SCs | Increased oligodendrocytes and neurons | Improved locomotor recovery | |
SCI | Weight drop on primate | Adult monkey NSCs | Migration of NSCs to the injury sites | Improved hind limb performance | |
SCI | Hemisection of rat | Rat fetal brain-derived NSCs with etanercept | Anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis | Re-myelination, neural regeneration and improved locomotor function | |
SCI | Weight drop on rat | Rat fetal brain-derived NSCs with edaravone | Decreased oxidative damage, increased survival and differentiation of NSCs | Improved rear-limb function | |
SCI | Hemisection of rat | Rat fetal brain-derived NSCs with biodegradable scaffolds | Improved axonal regeneration | No functional recovery | |
SCI | Hemisection of rat | Rat brain-derived NSCs-modified by NT-3 and TrkC gene with gelatin sponge scaffold | Increased survival of axotomized neurons and axonal regeneration | Improved partial locomotor functional recovery | |
SCI | Weight drop on mouse | Commercial human fetal brain-derived CNS-SCs | No neuronal lineage differentiation of donor cells | No functional recovery | |
Stroke | MCAO in rat | iPSC line-derived NPCs | Enhanced endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis and increased trophic factors | Improved functional recovery | |
Stroke | MCAO in rat | Mouse fetal brain-derived NSCs and and ESCs-derived vascular progenitor cells | Enhanced neurovascular recovery and neurotrophic factors and decreased infarct volume | Improved functional neurological deficits | |
Stroke | MCAO in rat | Sliding fibers containing human brain-derived NSCs | Increased survival rate of administered NSCs and decreased microglial infiltration | NA | |
TBI | CCI in mouse | Mouse brain-derived NSCs | Increased oligodendrocytes, decreased astroglial activation and microglial/macrophage accumulation | Delayed spatial learning deficits | |
TBI | CCI in rat | Sodium hyaluronate collagen scaffold loaded with rat brain-derived NSCs and bFGF | Increased survival and differentiation of NSCs and enhanced functional synapse formation | Improved cognitive function recovery | |
Epilepsy | Kainic acid-induced rat | Rat embryonic medial ganglionic eminence-derived NSCs | Increased GABAergic neurons and GDNF expression in hippocampal astrocytes | Reduced spontaneous recurrent motor seizures | |
CP | UCAO plus hypoxia in rat | Rat fetal NSCs transfected with VEGF | Increased VEGF protein expression and decreased neuronal apoptosis | Improved spatial discrimination, learning, memory recall capabilities and locomotor function | |
CP | UCAO plus hypoxia in rat | Rat fetal NSCs transfected with VEGF | Increased VEGF protein expression and neuroprotection | Improved motor function | |
HIE | UCAL in neonatal mouse | Mouse fetal brain-derived NSCs with mild hypothermia treatment | Increased survival rate of NSCs, decreased caspase-3, NF-κB and cerebral infarct volumes | Improved functional recovery | |
HIE | UCAL in neonatal rat | Human fetal brain-derived NSCs with ginsenoside Rg1 | Enhanced latency of somatosensory evoked potentials and increased neurotrophic factors | Improved learning and memory behavior | |
HIE | Unilateral carotid artery cutting in rat | Human embryonic NSCs | Decreased IL-1β expression, increased NF-κB translocation, reduced brain tissue loss and white matter injury | Alleviated sensorimotor disabilities, improved learning, memory, and cognitive functions |
