Figure 6
From: Polyphenols act synergistically with doxorubicin and etoposide in leukaemia cell lines
The effect of doxorubicin (DOX) and etoposide (ETP) when used in combination with quercetin (QUE), apigenin (AP), emodin (EMO), rhein, (RH) or cis-stilbene (CIS) on γ-H2AX foci formation (DNA damage marker) of two lymphoid leukaemia cell lines (Jurkat and CCRF-CEM) and two myeloid leukaemia cell lines (THP-1 and KG-1a). This was evaluated by the immunofluorescent staining using Alexa Fluor 647 Mouse anti-H2AX (pS139). Cells were treated with DOX or ETP and polyphenols alone and in combination for 24 h using their lowest-significant doses (LSD). The data were expressed as medians and ranges (n=4). The black bars show the vehicle controls and treatments alone; the coloured bars indicate a significant additive increase in DNA damage in brown, a synergistic increase in DNA damage in yellow, a competitive antagonistic decrease in DNA damage in purple and an antagonistic decrease in DNA damage in pink. Statistical significance was set at P⩽0.05 compared with vehicle control, drugs alone and expected values of individual drugs effects.
