Figure 6
From: Cardiotrophin 1 stimulates beneficial myogenic and vascular remodeling of the heart

Proposed model of hCT1-mediated physiologic cardiac hypertrophy. hCT1 promotes reversible and beneficial cardiac remodeling by restraining caspase activation via CK2; whereas pathological stimulation (with PE, ISO, or hypoxia/PAH) causes unrestricted caspase activation with progression to cardiac dysfunction. Heart (pink), caspases (yellow), hCT1 (human cardiotrophin 1), PE (phenylephrine), ISO (isoproterenol), CK2 (casein kinase 2), PAH (pulmonary arterial hypertension).