Table a1 Summary table of the items included in this review

²⁹

Chan et al.²⁹

Experimental Study Murine intervention model

Referred to PEM. Experimental mice developed PEM on 2% of protein diet.

¹³

Kennedy et al.¹³

Prospective Cohort Study, 148 (TB) adults, Tanzania

BMI

²⁶

Macallan²⁶

Expert narrative review

Wasting: reduced BMI, TSF thickness and AMC. Metabolic impairment.

²⁰

Schwenk and Macallan²⁰

Expert narrative review

BMI; referred to PEM and wasting.

¹⁵

Zachariah et al.¹⁵

Prospective Cohort Study, 1181 (TB) adults, rural Malawi

BMI

²¹

Boelart and Gordeuk²¹

Expert opinion (Lancet)

Referred to PEM

³²

Sushama Bai and Lekshmi Devi³²

Prospective Cohort Study, 95 (TB) children, India

Indian Academy of Paediatrics (IAP) classification of PEM

³⁴

Van Lettow et al.³⁴

Expert narrative review

Serum albumin concentrations and total protein

³¹

Compher³¹

Expert narrative review (textbook chapter)

Referred to PEM

^{24, 25}

Cegielski and McMurray²⁴

Expert narrative reviews (textbook chapter (2005))

BMI, TSF, MUAC, purified protein derivative (PPD) test; referred to PEM

²³

Pelly et al.²³

Cross-sectional Study, 212 adults (+15 years), rural and urban Peru

Corrected (bone-free) arm muscle area (CAMA)

²⁸

Cegielski and Demeshlaira²⁸

Expert narrative review (textbook chapter)

Referred to PEM

¹⁹

Villamor et al.¹⁹

Cross-sectional Study, 2231 (TB) adults, Tanzania

BMI, MUAC, TSF thickness AMC, BIA, total lymphocyte count (TLC) and serum albumin concentration

²²

Schaible and Kaufmann²²

Expert narrative review

Referred to PEM

¹⁴

Dodor¹⁴

Prospective Cohort Study, 570 (TB) adults, Ghana

BMI

²⁷

Kim et al.²⁷

Retrospective Cohort Study, 56 (TB) adults, South Korea

Nutritional Risk Score: BMI, serum albumin, serum cholesterol, TLC

³⁰

Ishikawa et al.³⁰

Experimental Study Murine intervention model

Referred to PCM. Experimental mice became undernourished on restricted diet

¹⁷

Siddiqui et al.¹⁷

Cross-sectional Study, 160 (TB) children (<15 years), Pakistan

Modified Gomez classification

³⁵

Kim et al.³⁵

Case–control Study, 23 TB cases and 23 healthy controls, South Korea

%ideal weight, BMI, serum albumin, TLC, cholesterol and haemoglobin

⁷

Sinclair et al.⁷

Systematic review, 6 protein-energy RCTs

Referred to PEM

¹⁸

Podewils et al.¹⁸

Retrospective Cohort Study, 995 (MDR-TB) adults, Latvia

BMI

¹⁶

Mupere et al.¹⁶

Retrospective Cohort Study, 747 (TB) adults, Uganda

BMI and fat/lean tissue mass (from BIA)