Table 1 Changes in maternal anthropometry and bone mineral measures at whole body and lumbar spine

From: Bone mineral changes after lactation in Gambian women accustomed to a low calcium intake

 

Value at L52(n=33)Mean±s.d.

% Change NPNL—L52 (n=28) Mean±s.e.m.

% Change F52—L52 (n=20)Mean±s.e.m.

Time-point effect P-valuea

Weight (kg)

54.5±8.9

3.4±1.9

1.0±2.1

0.2

Whole body

 BMC (g)

2212±312

5.0±0.9*

2.1±1.0

0.0001

 BA (cm2)

2036±208

2.2±0.7**

1.1±0.9

0.02

 aBMD (g/cm2)

1.083±0.067

2.9±0.4*

0.9±0.5

0.0001

 SA-BMCb (g)

2167±118

2.7±0.4*

0.8±0.5

0.0001

Lumbar spine c

 BMC (g)

47.7±9.6

8.8±1.0*

2.4±1.1

0.0001

 BA (cm2)

47.8±5.6

2.3±0.4*

1.2±0.4**

0.0001

 aBMD (g/cm2)

0.991±0.111

6.6±0.8*

1.2±0.9

0.0001

 SA-BMCb (g)

47.1±4.6

4.9±1.0*

0.3±0.9

0.0001

  1. Abbreviations: aBMD, areal bone mineral density; ANOVA, analysis of variance; ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; BMC, bone mineral content; BA, bone area; F52, 52 weeks in a subsequent lactation; L52, 52 weeks postpartum in index lactation; SA-BMC, size-adjusted BMC.
  2. aFrom hierarchical repeated-measures ANOVA or ANCOVA with subject (ID) and time point (L52/NPNL/F52) as independent variables.
  3. bValues of SA-BMC at each time point calculated by including BA, body weight and height in a logarithmic model; evaluating the residual for each subject; adding the residual to loge (mean BMC) value and calculating the antilogarithm. Changes in SA-BMC between time points obtained from ANCOVA models of BMC with adjustments for BA and weight; weight was not a significant predictor of change in whole body or lumbar spine and was removed from the models presented here. Significance of change from L52 as given by Scheffé post-hoc tests in the ANOVA or ANCOVA models: *P <0.0001; **P=0.02; all others P >0.1.
  4. cOne lumbar spine scan omitted at NPNL because of poor quality ie n=27.
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